The Star of David as a Protective Symbol against Evil Spirits

Even before the Middle Ages, the pentagram/hexagram was established in Judaism and Islam as a talismanic symbol of protection against evil spirits, with the five- and six-pointed forms being used interchangeably

- The Seven Seals of Judeo-Islamic Magic: Possible Origins of the Symbols, by Lloyd D. Graham

Many of the slate amulets contain pentagrams or hexagrams, both of which are common embodiments of the first Seal in the standard Islamic sequence. The traditional Arabic description of the Seven Seals is attributed to ʿAlī ibn AbīṬālib (7th century CE), cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet Muḥammad, who is said to have discovered the Seal series inscribed on a rock or stone.

- The Seven Seals of Judeo-Islamic Magic: Possible Origins of the Symbols, by Lloyd D. Graham

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